{"id":12731,"date":"2022-10-05T08:58:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-05T01:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/?p=12731"},"modified":"2022-10-14T09:00:20","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T02:00:20","slug":"chuyen-de-hoc-tap-va-lam-theo-tu-tuong-dao-duc-phong-cach-ho-chi-minh-ve-khat-vong-cong-hien-dung-xay-dat-nuoc-tai-lieu-danh-cho-doan-vien-thanh-nien-nam-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/chuyen-de-hoc-tap-va-lam-theo-tu-tuong-dao-duc-phong-cach-ho-chi-minh-ve-khat-vong-cong-hien-dung-xay-dat-nuoc-tai-lieu-danh-cho-doan-vien-thanh-nien-nam-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1: H\u1eccC T\u1eacP V\u00c0 L\u00c0M THEO T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG, \u0110\u1ea0O \u0110\u1ee8C, PHONG C\u00c1CH H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH V\u1ec0 KH\u00c1T V\u1eccNG C\u1ed0NG HI\u1ebeN D\u1ef0NG X\u00c2Y \u0110\u1ea4T N\u01af\u1edaC (T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00e0nh cho \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean n\u0103m 2022)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH<\/strong> V\u1ec0 KH\u00c1T V\u1eccNG C\u1ed0NG HI\u1ebeN D\u1ef0NG X\u00c2Y \u0110\u1ea4T N\u01af\u1edaC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp – t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ti\u1ebfp thu v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111ang l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, thi\u1ebfu h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai c\u1ea5p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00ecm con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5t Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh, \u0111au \u0111\u00e1u n\u1ed7i ni\u1ec1m c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u201cT\u1ef1 do – B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng – B\u00e1c \u00e1i\u201d, xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y 5-6-1911, t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e0 R\u1ed3ng, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean con t\u00e0u Amiral Latouche Tresville, mang theo kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng ch\u00e1y b\u1ecfng \u201cT\u1ef1 do cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u\u201d[1]<\/a>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, mang t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5t Th\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n: \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u0169ng d\u00e3 man, t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 phi nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t \u1ea5y, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1920, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c[2]<\/a> \u0111\u1ecdc S\u01a1 th\u1ea3o l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba <\/em> c\u1ee7a V.I.L\u00eanin. Lu\u1eadn c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a L\u00eanin \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cmu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n\u201d[3]<\/a>. Th\u00e1ng 12-1920, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gia nh\u1eadp Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tham gia s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc sang ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc theo c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c – L\u00eanin v\u1ec1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ed5i b\u00f9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea5u tranh theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam[4]<\/a>, m\u1edf ra th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, khai sinh n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 2-9-1969, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ta b\u1ea3n Di ch\u00fac mang t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n: \u201cX\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh\u201d, \u201cs\u00e1nh vai v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m ch\u00e2u\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 do, \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ngay t\u1eeb khi ra \u0111i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 mang m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn lao: \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ef1 do, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. N\u0103m 1946, khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n k\u00ednh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ham mu\u1ed1n, ham mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed9t b\u1eadc l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1m \u0103n, \u00e1o m\u1eb7c, ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh\u201d[5]<\/a>. \u0110\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o, l\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi gian nan th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i b\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u00e1ch n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra \u2013 k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \u201c\u0111\u01b0a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u1ebb vang v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed3n vinh, l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng\u201d[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea3ng ta, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u00e0 ra, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u201cch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n\u201d[7]<\/a>. Trong Di ch\u00fac, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eb7n d\u00f2: \u201c\u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u201ct\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh sinh\u201d[8]<\/a>. Mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ai ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 do c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dd ch\u00ed, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng soi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ed3n vinh, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh mong mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do, \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i II c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng (1951): X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, ph\u00fa c\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf: \u201cN\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec\u201d[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y 3-9-1945, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3i, gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t v\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u1eadp trung gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu: ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i linh ho\u1ea1t tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, theo H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em>, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00eau r\u00f5: \u201cmu\u1ed1n n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u201d, \u201cch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i qu\u00fd m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c v\u00e0ng\u201d[10]<\/a>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch: \u201ctrong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00f4ng mong v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, trong c\u1eady v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ta gi\u00e0u th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ta gi\u00e0u. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ta th\u1ecbnh th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u1ecbnh\u201d[11]<\/a>. Gi\u1eefa n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 kh\u0103ng kh\u00edt v\u1edbi nhau. \u201cMu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec kh\u1eadp kh\u1ec5nh nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n\u201d[12]<\/a>. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/em> Trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong l\u00fac c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c trong qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n ra s\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, th\u00ec gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadn t\u00e2m gi\u00fap gi\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u2013 th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft n\u00e0y\u201d[13]<\/a>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng \u0111em v\u1ed1n v\u00e0o l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u00edch qu\u1ed1c l\u1ee3i d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea7u m\u1ea1nh, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, d\u00e2n tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. Theo Ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cMu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d[14]<\/a>, \u201cTr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u2026 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh\u201d[15]<\/a>. Trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y khai tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (5-9-1945), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed5 v\u0169, kh\u00edch l\u1ec7: \u201cNon s\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p hay kh\u00f4ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0i vinh quang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh vai v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m ch\u00e2u hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf c\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em\u201d[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00eau r\u00f5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngu d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t d\u00e2n ta, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 95% \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef. \u201cNay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed\u201d[17]<\/a>. N\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, k\u00e9m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u1edbn cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi: \u201c\u2026 M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef\u201d[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i. \u201cKi\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i. Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc ta d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e9o l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, kh\u00e9o ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng th\u00ec nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u\u201d[19]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t hai cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chinh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t[20]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac \u0111i xa, trong Di ch\u00fac, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u1ed9t b\u1eadc: \u201cTo\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 35 n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp theo. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u201cr\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt\u201d[22]<\/a>, nh\u01b0 V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201c\u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay\u201d[23]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i giao h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cha ta v\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ngo\u1ea1i giao trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho ri\u00eang d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung. Trong b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (3-10-1945), Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a thi\u1ebft tha mong mu\u1ed1n duy tr\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i\u201d[24]<\/a>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau r\u00f5: \u201cPhong tr\u00e0o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. V\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed. Tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf li\u00ean h\u1ec7 kh\u0103ng kh\u00edt v\u1edbi nhau. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, ta v\u1eeba ra s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u1eeba tham gia phong tr\u00e0o \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng anh em, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c: a) N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, nh\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; b) N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng, s\u00e2n bay v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 giao th\u00f4ng cho vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; c) N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tham gia m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c\u201d[25]<\/a>. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau r\u00f5: \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y th\u00f9 o\u00e1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ai\u201d[26]<\/a>. \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc vui l\u00f2ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u1eadt th\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d[27]<\/a>. Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n h\u00e3ng tin AFP, th\u00e1ng 7-1956, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 \u0111i c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u0103m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d[28]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tranh th\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong. Tranh th\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edf c\u1eeda, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n gi\u00fap ta c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00eam v\u1ed1n cho ta, do v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ta ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i v\u1ed1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i b\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ta, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng ta qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngay t\u1eeb sau khi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a non tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i qua hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc anh em v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i giao \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110O\u00c0N VI\u00caN, THANH NI\u00caN T\u00cdCH C\u1ef0C H\u1eccC T\u1eacP V\u00c0 L\u00c0M THEO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG, \u0110\u1ea0O \u0110\u1ee8C, PHONG C\u00c1CH H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec0 KH\u00c1T V\u1eccNG C\u1ed0NG HI\u1ebeN X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG \u0110\u1ea4T N\u01af\u1edaC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec7n nay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau, \u1edf m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfn tranh, l\u1edbp l\u1edbp c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hy sinh cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4 th\u1eafm truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam anh h\u00f9ng. T\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ki\u00ean trung, b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 anh L\u00fd T\u1ef1 Tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi c\u00e2u n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u201d<\/em>, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 thanh ni\u00ean kh\u00e1t khao \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd vinh quang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c H\u1ed3, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0m n\u00ean C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u1ebb vang trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i, nh\u1eefng phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u00f3 phai m\u1edd, m\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0: V\u00f5 Th\u1ecb S\u00e1u, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u1ed7i, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n \u01a0n, \u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u00f9y Tr\u00e2m\u2026L\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o \u201cT\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng\u201d, \u201cBa s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng\u201d, \u201cN\u0103m xung phong\u201d, <\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n to l\u1edbn l\u00e0m n\u00ean ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t non s\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, thu non s\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, l\u1edbp l\u1edbp thanh ni\u00ean trong ni\u1ec1m vui tr\u00f9ng ph\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 xung phong \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong h\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia c\u00e1c phong  tr\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, r\u00e0 ph\u00e1 bom m\u00ecn, ph\u1ee5c h\u00f3a, khai hoang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng khu kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\u2026H\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111i t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i gian kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u00e3o gi\u00f4ng, n\u1eafng l\u1eeda, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia, ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, l\u1edbp l\u1edbp thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn an ninh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thanh ni\u00ean l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi B\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n. Ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cha anh, thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f4m nay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u1ebb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi gian kh\u1ed5, hy sinh, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam canh gi\u1eef bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh y\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb, h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean say m\u00ea h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, t\u00edch l\u0169y tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp th\u00e2n, l\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111em vinh quang v\u1ec1 cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, khi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch Covid-19 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y \u201ch\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh\u201d nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb xung k\u00edch tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u1ebb, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u1ebb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u1edf khu c\u00e1ch ly, c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch, tham gia h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng vaccine, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch; n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch\u2026 H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 duy m\u1edbi, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng, ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hy sinh, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thanh ni\u00ean gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat ni\u1ec1m tin, phai nh\u1ea1t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, xa r\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc; thi\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1i chung; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng, \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean, h\u01a1n l\u00fac n\u00e0o h\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, trau d\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, kh\u01a1i d\u1eady kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn, l\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng thanh ni\u00ean b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u201cph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2045, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u201cch\u00e1y\u201d trong m\u00ecnh ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed3n vinh, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb, s\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u1eddi c\u01a1 m\u1edbi, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, ra s\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, l\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u00ean phong trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c. Thanh ni\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. <\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, n\u00e2ng cao \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c – L\u00eanin, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ph\u00e1t huy l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u00edch c\u1ef1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u00e1c phong; c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng trong s\u00e1ng, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng lai c\u0103ng, th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m, th\u1edd \u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a – \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1eafp x\u00e2y h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u201ct\u00e2m trong – tr\u00ed s\u00e1ng – ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai l\u00e0, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i hay, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Internet, m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin, ti\u1ebfp thu nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trau d\u1ed3i c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef, tin h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, t\u00e1c phong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng Anh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba l\u00e0, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eb7t thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ed9i dung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi theo tinh th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 42 c\u1ee7a Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2015 – 2030\u201d trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, t\u00e1c phong, g\u1eafn n\u1ed9i dung r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n suy tho\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cR\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean\u201d. M\u1ed7i thanh ni\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trau d\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p chung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm b\u1eaft nhanh, \u0111\u00fang t\u00e2m t\u01b0, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong thanh ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y sinh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ebf tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed1n l\u00e0, t\u1eadp trung n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n ham h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c; th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n, xa r\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean, xa r\u1eddi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n ti\u00ean phong, c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, d\u00e1m ngh\u0129, d\u00e1m l\u00e0m, n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf c\u00e1i t\u00f4i sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u00e1c phong, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 cao vai tr\u00f2 n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n, H\u1ed9i, \u0110\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 lan t\u1ecfa, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong thanh ni\u00ean. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi; c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n, H\u1ed9i, \u0110\u1ed9i n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean; \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho thanh ni\u00ean; thanh ni\u00ean n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng theo \u0111\u00fang quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201ctr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u01b0\u1edbi sau\u201d, \u201ctrong tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u00e0i sau\u201d. C\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

———<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV, Nxb ST, H, 1975, tr.5-6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> N\u0103m 1919, khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, B\u00e1c l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb CTQG, H,2011, t.1, tr.9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 3-2-1930<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.187<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.1, tr.11-12<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.240<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.15, tr.616<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.134<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.246<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.11, tr.361<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.53<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb CTQG, H,2000, t.10, tr.59<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.8, tr.281-282<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb CTQG, H,2011, t.4, tr.35<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.40<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.40<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.114<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/a> Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. \u201cKh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t th\u1eafng, ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh\u201d. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, chi vi\u1ec7n cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.15, tr.623<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/a> V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nxb CTQG, H, 2021, t1, tr.77<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/a> V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XIII, s\u0111d, t1, tr.104<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb CTQG, H,2002, t9, tr50<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.4, tr.470<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.5, tr.220<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.5, tr.676<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/a> H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, s\u0111d, t.8, tr.219<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TIN T\u1eea \u0110O\u00c0N THANH NI\u00caN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH V\u1ec0 KH\u00c1T V\u1eccNG C\u1ed0NG HI\u1ebeN D\u1ef0NG X\u00c2Y \u0110\u1ea4T N\u01af\u1edaC 1. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp – t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103,97],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12731"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12731"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12731\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12735,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12731\/revisions\/12735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/mirtalispi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}